Common pear: kudan zuma da yin ƙwayar fure
Ba tare da masu yin ƙwayar fure ba, common pear yana rasa babban ɓangare na amfaninsa.
Yawan amfanin da ya dogara ga masu yin ƙwayar fure
Babba: asarar amfanin gona da kashi 40 zuwa 90% ba tare da masu yin ƙwayar fure ba (40-89%)
Ba tare da masu yin ƙwayar fure ba, common pear yana rasa babban ɓangare na amfaninsa.
Asara ba tare da masu yin ƙwayar fure ba: kashi 40 zuwa 89
Rarrabawar ta fito ne daga tarin bayanai PLLNT11 na EU Pollinator Hub, bisa Klein da wasu (2007). Kewayo ne ga amfanin gona gabaɗaya; iri da hanyoyin noma na iya bambanta, misali irin da ke yi wa kansu ƙwayar fure ko noma a cikin gidan gilashi tare da manyan kudan zuma (bumblebee).
Waɗanne kudan zuma ne ke ziyartar common pear
An yi rikodin nau'ikan kudan zuma 6 a kan wannan amfanin gona, a cikin rikodi 16 na ziyarar furanni. Babu ɗaya daga cikinsu da ke cikin jerin masu haɗari a Jajayen Jeri na Turai.
| Kudan zuma | Rukuni | Jajayen Jeri na Turai | Tashi | Rikodi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Honey beeApis mellifera | Apis | - Ba a tantance ba | Dis - Agu | 4 |
| Buff-tailed bumblebeeBombus terrestris | Bombus | LC Rashin damuwa kaɗan | Mar - Agu | 4 |
| Andrena dorsata | Andrena | LC Rashin damuwa kaɗan | Mar - Yul | 2 |
| Andrena rufula | Andrena | LC Rashin damuwa kaɗan | Mar - May | 2 |
| Lasioglossum laevigatum | Lasioglossum | LC Rashin damuwa kaɗan | May - Agu | 2 |
| Carpenter beeXylocopa violacea | Xylocopa | LC Rashin damuwa kaɗan | Mar - Sat | 2 |
Ma'auni, daga mai tsanani zuwa wanda ba a barazana ba: CR cikin hatsari mai tsanani, EN cikin hatsari, VU mai rauni, NT kusa da hatsari, LC rashin damuwa kaɗan. DD: bayanai ba su isa ba.
Yaushe masu ziyara ke tashi
Adadin nau'ikan da ke tashi a kowane wata, bisa kalandar tashi daga rikodin buɗe a Turai. Ana ƙirga nau'i a kowane wata da yake tashi.
Tushe
Wannan shafi yana amfani ne kawai da tushe masu lasisin buɗe. Rumbun bayanai na kudan zuma da kansa yana da ƙarin rikodi, daga tushe da ake jiran izininsu.
- Vliegperiode per maand, afgeleid uit BeeBDC-waarnemingen met open licentie (CC0 / CC BY)
FairGrow (afgeleid) · sigar 1.3.4 · lasisi CC BY 4.0 (afgeleid uit CC0 / CC BY)
Afgeleid door FairGrow uit: Dorey, J. B. et al. (2023). A globally synthesised and flagged bee occurrence dataset and cleaning workflow. Scientific Data 10: 747. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02626-w. Cleaned database v1.3.4 (2024-02-15), Figshare. Kleinste maandvenster met 90% van de waarnemingen, minimaal 20 records.
doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02626-w - Bij-plantinteracties: EuPPollNet via GloBI (CC BY 4.0)
GloBI / Big Bee · sigar 7.0 · lasisi CC BY 4.0
Lanuza, J. B. et al. (2025). EuPPollNet: a European database of plant-pollinator networks. Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.15183272 (CC BY 4.0), via Seltmann, K. et al. / Big Bee project and GloBI (2025). Global Bee Interaction Data v7.0. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582. Underlying data: Global Biotic Interactions (Poelen et al. 2014).
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582 - Bij-plantinteracties: DoPI via GloBI (CC BY 4.0)
GloBI / Big Bee · sigar 7.0 · lasisi CC BY 4.0
Balfour, N. J. et al. Database of Pollinator Interactions (DoPI). Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.15224385 (CC BY 4.0), via Seltmann, K. et al. / Big Bee project and GloBI (2025). Global Bee Interaction Data v7.0. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582. Underlying data: Global Biotic Interactions (Poelen et al. 2014).
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582 - European Red List of Bees (2026), Appendix 1: Red List status at Pan-Europe and EU27 levels
Publications Office of the European Union / IUCN · sigar 2026 · lasisi CC BY 4.0
Michez, D. et al. (2026). European Red List of Bees. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2779/521877 (CC BY 4.0). Appendix 1.
doi.org/10.2779/521877 - Wikidata: taxon common names (P1843) and labels of bee species
Wikimedia Foundation / Wikidata · sigar SPARQL 2026-10-18 · lasisi CC0 1.0
Wikidata contributors. Wikidata, taxon common names (P1843) and labels, retrieved 2026-10-18. https://www.wikidata.org (CC0).
www.wikidata.org - EU Pollinator Hub PLLNT11.0.0 Pollination: dependency of crops on animal pollination
EU Pollinator Hub (EFSA / BeeLife), Zenodo · sigar PLLNT11.0.0 · lasisi CC BY 4.0
Rubinigg, M. (2023). Pollination (PLLNT11.0.0). EU Pollinator Hub. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18008331 (CC BY 4.0). Based on Klein, A.-M. et al. (2007). Proc. R. Soc. B 274: 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3721
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18008331
Rukunonin kudan zuma a kan wannan amfanin gona
Amfanin gona masu dogaro iri ɗaya
Waɗanne kudan zuma ne ke tashi a kusa da gonarka?
A rumbun bayanai na kudan zuma na FairGrow kana ganin nau'ikan a cikin sel da ke kewaye da gonakinka da wuraren kiwon kudan zumanka, tare da yanayin tashi da muhallin abincin kudan zuma.