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Mason Bees (Osmia)
103 species in Europe, in the family Megachilidae. 1 of them are listed as threatened on the European Red List.
Family Megachilidae103 species
103
Species in Europe
1
Threatened (CR, EN or VU)
5
Too little data to assess (DD)
4
Crops on which species were recorded
How the species are doing
Distribution of the species over the categories of the European Red List of Bees (2026). Not assessed means: no European assessment in the source, often because the species only occurs at the edge of Europe.
- EN Endangered: 1
- NT Near threatened: 7
- LC Least concern: 76
- DD Data deficient: 5
- NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant): 13
- - Not assessed: 1
Scale, from severe to not threatened: CR critically endangered, EN endangered, VU vulnerable, NT near threatened, LC least concern. DD: data deficient.
When the visitors fly
Number of species flying per month, according to the flight calendar from open records in Europe. A species counts in every month it flies.
2Jan
3Feb
7Mar
17Apr
35May
36Jun
29Jul
8Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Crops these bees visit
Crops and other plants with an EPPO code on which species from this group were recorded.
| Crop | Depends on pollinators | Species from this group | Records |
|---|---|---|---|
| RapeseedBrassica napus | modest (10-39%) | 4 | 50 |
| Briar roseRosa canina | great (40-89%) | 2 | 6 |
| BlackthornPrunus spinosa | great (40-89%) | 1 | 4 |
| QuinceCydonia oblonga | unknown | 1 | 2 |
All species in Europe
| Species | Red List Europe | Flies | Only in Europe |
|---|---|---|---|
| Osmia aeruginosa | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia alfkenii | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia alticola | NT Near threatened | May - Jul | yes |
| Osmia amathusica | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia anceyi | LC Least concern | Jun - Jul | |
| Osmia andrenoides | LC Least concern | May - Aug | |
| Osmia apicata | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia argyropyga | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia ariadne | DD Data deficient | no data | yes |
| Osmia aurulenta | LC Least concern | Apr - Jul | |
| Osmia balearica | LC Least concern | no data | yes |
| Osmia bicolor | LC Least concern | Mar - Jun | |
| Osmia bicornis | LC Least concern | Apr - Jun | |
| Osmia bidentata | LC Least concern | May - Aug | |
| Osmia bischoffi | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia breviata | DD Data deficient | no data | |
| Osmia brevicornis | LC Least concern | Apr - Jun | |
| Osmia caerulescens | LC Least concern | Apr - Jul | |
| Osmia cephalotes | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia cerinthidis | LC Least concern | May - Jun | |
| Osmia cinctella | - Not assessed | no data | |
| Osmia cinnabarina | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia clypearis | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia corniculata | DD Data deficient | no data | |
| Osmia cornuta | LC Least concern | Mar - Apr | |
| Osmia croatica | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia cyanescens | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia cyanoxantha | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia dilaticornis | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia dimidiata | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia disjuncta | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia distinguenda | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia dives | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia dlabolae | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia dusmeti | DD Data deficient | no data | yes |
| Osmia elegans | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia emarginata | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia erythrogastra | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia fallax | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia ferruginea | LC Least concern | Mar - Aug | |
| Osmia forticornis | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia frieseana | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia gallarum | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia hellados | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia heteracantha | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia iberica | NT Near threatened | no data | yes |
| Osmia inermis | LC Least concern | Apr - Aug | |
| Osmia jason | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia kohlii | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia labialis | LC Least concern | May - Aug | |
| Osmia larochei | NT Near threatened | no data | yes |
| Osmia laticauda | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia laticeps | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia latreillei | LC Least concern | Jan - Jun | |
| Osmia leaiana | LC Least concern | May - Aug | |
| Osmia ligurica | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia lobata | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia lunata | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia madeirensis | LC Least concern | no data | yes |
| Osmia maritima | EN Endangered | May - Jul | |
| Osmia melanogaster | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia melanura | NT Near threatened | no data | |
| Osmia mirhiji | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia moreensis | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia mustelina | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia nana | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia nasoproducta | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia nasuta | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia nigriventris | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia nigrohirta | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia niveata | LC Least concern | May - Aug | |
| Osmia niveocincta | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia notata | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia nuda | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia olgae | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia padri | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia palmae | DD Data deficient | no data | yes |
| Western mason beeOsmia parietina | LC Least concern | Apr - Jul | |
| Osmia picena | LC Least concern | no data | yes |
| Osmia pilicornis | LC Least concern | Apr - Jun | |
| Osmia pinguis | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia rhodoensis | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia rufohirta | LC Least concern | Apr - Jul | |
| Osmia rutila | NT Near threatened | no data | |
| Osmia saxicola | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia scutellaris | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia signata | LC Least concern | Feb - Jul | |
| Osmia spinigera | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia spinulosa | LC Least concern | Jun - Aug | |
| Osmia steinmanni | NT Near threatened | no data | yes |
| Osmia subcornuta | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia submicans | LC Least concern | Apr - Jul | |
| Osmia svenssoni | NT Near threatened | no data | yes |
| Osmia sybarita | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia tergestensis | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia teunisseni | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia tricornis | LC Least concern | Mar - Jun | |
| Osmia tunensis | NA Not applicable (not native or vagrant) | no data | |
| Osmia uncicornis | LC Least concern | no data | |
| Osmia uncinata | LC Least concern | Apr - Jul | |
| Osmia versicolor | LC Least concern | Jan - May | |
| Osmia viridana | LC Least concern | May - Jul | |
| Osmia xanthomelana | LC Least concern | May - Jul |
Sources
This page only uses sources with an open licence. The bee database itself contains more records, from sources for which permission is still pending.
- Vliegperiode per maand, afgeleid uit BeeBDC-waarnemingen met open licentie (CC0 / CC BY)
FairGrow (afgeleid) · version 1.3.4 · licence CC BY 4.0 (afgeleid uit CC0 / CC BY)
Afgeleid door FairGrow uit: Dorey, J. B. et al. (2023). A globally synthesised and flagged bee occurrence dataset and cleaning workflow. Scientific Data 10: 747. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02626-w. Cleaned database v1.3.4 (2024-02-15), Figshare. Kleinste maandvenster met 90% van de waarnemingen, minimaal 20 records.
doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02626-w - Bij-plantinteracties: EuPPollNet via GloBI (CC BY 4.0)
GloBI / Big Bee · version 7.0 · licence CC BY 4.0
Lanuza, J. B. et al. (2025). EuPPollNet: a European database of plant-pollinator networks. Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.15183272 (CC BY 4.0), via Seltmann, K. et al. / Big Bee project and GloBI (2025). Global Bee Interaction Data v7.0. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582. Underlying data: Global Biotic Interactions (Poelen et al. 2014).
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582 - Bij-plantinteracties: DoPI via GloBI (CC BY 4.0)
GloBI / Big Bee · version 7.0 · licence CC BY 4.0
Balfour, N. J. et al. Database of Pollinator Interactions (DoPI). Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.15224385 (CC BY 4.0), via Seltmann, K. et al. / Big Bee project and GloBI (2025). Global Bee Interaction Data v7.0. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582. Underlying data: Global Biotic Interactions (Poelen et al. 2014).
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17957582 - Discover Life bee species guide and world checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), tab-delimited version
Zenodo / Discover Life · version v57.0 · licence CC-BY-4.0
Ascher, J. S. and J. Pickering. 2024. Discover Life bee species guide and world checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Apoidea_species Draft-57, 27 February, 2024
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19954082 - BeeBDC beesChecklist: country checklist of the world's bees (Discover Life), 2026-01-12
Flinders University / Figshare · version 2026-01-12 · licence CC BY 4.0
Dorey, J. B. et al. (2023). A globally synthesised and flagged bee occurrence dataset and cleaning workflow. Scientific Data 10: 747. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02626-w; beesChecklist 2026-01-12 (Figshare, CC BY 4.0), based on the Discover Life country checklist (Ascher & Pickering).
doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02626-w - European Red List of Bees (2026), Appendix 1: Red List status at Pan-Europe and EU27 levels
Publications Office of the European Union / IUCN · version 2026 · licence CC BY 4.0
Michez, D. et al. (2026). European Red List of Bees. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2779/521877 (CC BY 4.0). Appendix 1.
doi.org/10.2779/521877 - Wikidata: taxon common names (P1843) and labels of bee species
Wikimedia Foundation / Wikidata · version SPARQL 2026-10-18 · licence CC0 1.0
Wikidata contributors. Wikidata, taxon common names (P1843) and labels, retrieved 2026-10-18. https://www.wikidata.org (CC0).
www.wikidata.org
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