Nauyin maganin kwari: yadda FairGrow take auna tasirin kowane feshi

Ba kowace lita ta maganin kare amfanin gona ce take da nauyi ɗaya ba. Pesticide Load (nauyin maganin kwari) tana sanya lamba a kan abin da magani yake yi wa mutane, namun daji, ƙasa da ruwa, don ku iya kwatanta feshi a kan abin da ya wuce adadin magani kaɗai.

Duba magani Duba shi a Ƙimar girbi

Hanyar

Tambayoyi uku ga kowane sinadarin aiki

Pesticide Load (PL) tana yin tambayoyi uku game da kowane sinadarin aiki a cikin magani. Yaya maganin yake cutar da mutumin da yake feshinsa? Yaya gubar sinadarin take ga tsuntsaye, ƙudan zuma, kifi, tsutsotsin ƙasa da tsirran ruwa? Kuma yaya yake a cikin muhalli: shin yana ruɓewa da sauri, yana taruwa a cikin kifi, yana kaiwa ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa?

Kowace amsa tana zama nauyi na kanta: nauyin lafiya (HL), nauyin guba ga muhalli (TL) da nauyin halayya a muhalli (FL). Idan aka haɗa su, suna samar da Pesticide Load. FairGrow kullum tana nuna sassan uku daban-daban kuma, domin lamba mai yawa tana da maʼana daban idan ta fito daga ƙudan zuma fiye da idan ta fito daga ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

Idan aka kwatanta da mafi muni

Ana auna kowace sifa da sinadarin tunani

Hanyar Denmark tana kwatanta kowace sifa da ƙimar tunani: ƙimar sinadarin da, lokacin da aka kafa hanyar a 2007, yake da nauyi mafi girma a cikin waɗanda aka ba izini. Sinadarin da gubarsa ga kifi ta yi ƙasa da ta wannan sinadarin tunani sau goma yana samun kashi ɗaya cikin goma na makin kifi.

Daga nan ana ninka wannan maki da nauyin daraja. Tasirin gajeren lokaci a kan kifi da ƙananan ƙwarin ruwa suna da nauyin daraja 30, a kan ƙudan zuma 100, a kan algae da tsirran ruwa 3. Daɗewa a cikin ƙasa da taruwa a jikin halittu suna da nauyin daraja 2.5, kwararowa zuwa ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa 20. Dokar Denmark ce ta kafa waɗannan nauyin daraja, ba FairGrow ba.

Daga sinadari zuwa gona

Daga sinadari ɗaya zuwa nauyin da ke kan gonarku

Magani yakan ƙunshi sinadarin aiki fiye da ɗaya. FairGrow tana ninka nauyin kowane sinadari da yawansa a cikin maganin, tana haɗa sinadaran, kuma tana ƙara nauyin lafiya na takardar maganin. Wannan yana ba da nauyi a kowace kilo ko lita ta magani.

Ku ninka wannan da adadin maganin da kuka fesa a kowace hekta, sai ku sami nauyin feshi ɗaya. Ku haɗa dukkan feshin da aka yi a gona ɗaya a lokacin noma ɗaya, sai ku sami Pesticide Load a kowace hekta ga wannan gonar. FairGrow tana lissafa wannan kai tsaye ga kowane feshi da kuka rubuta a rajistar noma.

Me ya sa hanyar Denmark

Denmark tana amfani da Pesticide Load tun 2013 a matsayin tushen harajinta kan magungunan kwari: idan nauyin ya fi yawa, harajin ma ya fi yawa. Kudsk, Jørgensen da Ørum sun bayyana hanyar a kimiyance (2018, Land Use Policy 70:384-393), kuma an kafa ta a dokar Denmark. Kowace ƙimar tunani, kowane nauyin daraja da kowane makin lafiya da FairGrow take amfani da su sun fito ne daga wannan doka (LBK no. 595 na 29 ga Afrilu 2020, Haɗe-haɗe na 1).

Mun zaɓe ta ne domin a buɗe take ga jamaʼa, an yi amfani da ita fiye da shekaru goma, kuma ana iya maimaita ta: kowa zai iya sake lissafa lambobinmu da dokoki iri ɗaya. FairGrow tana bin dokokin Denmark har zuwa keɓewarsu, har da wadda ta shafi magungunan da aka ba izini kawai don rufaffun gidajen shuka. Ga waɗannan, ana sanya nauyin guba ga muhalli da nauyin halayya a sifili, domin maganin ba ya kaiwa muhallin waje; nauyin lafiya ga mutumin da yake feshi yana nan.

Daga ina lambobin suke fitowa

Sifofin kowane sinadari sun fito ne daga Hukumar Kare Lafiyar Abinci ta Turai (EFSA): daga ƙarshen nazarin ƙwararru da take wallafawa da kuma daga rumbun bayananta OpenFoodTox. Ba ma amfani da rumbunan bayanai na kasuwanci. Ana karanta kowace ƙima sau biyu, daban-daban, kuma ana bin kowace lamba har zuwa shafin takardar EFSA da ta fito. Inda karatu biyu suka bambanta, teburin asali ne ya yanke hukunci.

Makin lafiya sun fito ne daga bayanan haɗari (jimlolin H) da ke kan takardar maganin, kamar yadda suke a rajistar magunguna ta ƙasa. Tushe: EFSA.

Misalin lokacin noma

Feshi uku a gona ɗaya: maganin fungi, maganin kwari da maganin fungi na biyu. An lissafa da magungunan kamar yadda suke a rajista.

Magani	Adadi	Gubar muhalli	Halayya	Nauyin muhalli
Switch	1.0 kg/ha	0.25	0.67	0.93
Tracer	0.2 L/ha	6.41	0.02	6.44
Luna Privilege	0.75 L/ha	0.04	1.62	1.67
Lokacin noma, ɓangaren muhalli		6.71	2.32	9.03

Maganin kwarin ne ya fi nauyi a nan, musamman saboda tasirinsa a kan ƙudan zuma da halittun ruwa. Maganin fungi na biyu ya fi samun maki a kan halayya, domin sinadarin aikinsa yana daɗewa a cikin ƙasa. Ana ƙara nauyin lafiya a kan waɗannan lambobin.

Gaskiya game da abin da ya rasa

Ga wasu sinadarai EFSA ba ta wallafa ƙarshen nazarinta ba tukuna, ko kuma ba a buƙaci wani gwaji ba. FairGrow ba ta taɓa cike giɓi da sifili. Sifar da ta ɓace kawai ba a ƙirga ta, kuma sakamakon yana ɗauke da alamar bai cika ba, don ku ga cewa ainihin nauyin zai iya fi haka.

Inda EFSA ta ambaci iyaka kawai, misali cewa adadin ƙudan zuma sama da microgram 100 bai yi lahani ba, FairGrow tana lissafawa da wannan iyakar. Hakan yana ɗan ƙara nauyin fiye da yadda yake, wanda shi ne gefen taka-tsantsan.

FAQ

Mene ne Pesticide Load?

Lamba ce da take nuna yawan nauyin da maganin kare amfanin gona yake ɗorawa a kan lafiyar ɗan adam, namun daji da muhalli a kowace kilo ko lita, bisa hanyar Denmark. A kowace hekta, nauyin maganin ne aka ninka da adadin.

Shin ƙaramin Pesticide Load kullum ya fi kyau?

Ga muhalli da mutumin da yake feshi, eh. Amma ku kwatanta magungunan da suke yin aiki ɗaya: maganin da yake buƙatar feshi uku zai iya kaiwa sama a duk lokacin noma fiye da magani mafi nauyi da aka yi amfani da shi sau ɗaya.

Me ya sa FairGrow take nuna sassa uku?

Domin suna nuna haɗari daban-daban. Babban nauyin guba ga muhalli yana buƙatar kulawa da ƙudan zuma da ruwa; babban nauyin halayya yana buƙatar kulawa da ƙasa da ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa; babban nauyin lafiya yana buƙatar kayan kariya.

Me ake nufi da bai cika ba?

Aƙalla sifa ɗaya ta wani sinadari a cikin maganin ba ta cikin bayanan EFSA. Ba a ƙirga wannan sifar, don haka ainihin nauyin zai iya fi abin da aka nuna.

Waɗanne sinadarai aka lissafa?

Mun fara da sinadarai 59 da aka fi amfani da su a noman lambu na Netherlands. 57 daga cikinsu yanzu suna da nauyi. Boscalid da deltamethrin za su biyo baya da zarar EFSA ta wallafa ƙarshen nazarinta.