Igipimo c’akaga HRI 1: ivyo ibiharuro vya EU ku gukingira ibiterwa bivuga n’ivyo bitavuga
Nk’uko igipimo c’Uburaya c’ubutegetsi kibivuga, akaga k’imiti yo gukingira ibiterwa mu Buholandi kamaze kugabanuka ku bice bitatu kuri bine kuva mu 2012. FairGrow yarasubiye kubiharura ishingiye ku mukoreshereze nyayo kuri buri giterwa. Igiharuro ni co, mugabo ahanini gipima ikindi kintu kitari ico woshobora kwibaza.
Ibiharuro vy’Ubuholandi
HRI 1 y’ubutegetsi ivuye kuri Eurostat, iharura rishasha rya FairGrow rishingiye ku makuru y’ikoreshwa ya CBS, n’iryo harura nyene ata kubuza guharurwa gusubira inyuma. Imirongo yose ishingiye kuri 2012 = 100.
Kilo zikubwa n’uburemere bwa buri mugwi
Harmonised Risk Indicator 1 (HRI 1) ishingwa n’Amabwirizwa (EU) 2019/782. Buri gihugu kinyamuryango kimenyesha kilo zingahe z’ibintu bikora zigurishwa buri mwaka. Buri kintu kiri mu mugwi umwe mu migwi ine: akaga gatoyi, gisanzwe, umukandida wo gusubirizwa, canke kitemewe (canke kitakemewe ubu).
Kilo zikubwa n’uburemere: 1 ku kaga gatoyi, 8 ku bisanzwe, 16 ku bakandida bo gusubirizwa na 64 ku bintu bitemewe. Igiteranyo ni co gipimo, kigaragazwa nk’indice aho ikigereranyo ca 2011 gushika 2013 ari 100.
Ukubuza guharurwa gusubira inyuma
Eurostat ishira buri kintu mu mugwi ukurikije uko gihagaze ubu, maze igasubira kuharura umurongo wose ukurikije ivyo. Ni ukuvuga ko ikintu kibujijwe uyu munsi giharurwa n’uburemere 64 no mu 2012, igihe cari kikemewe. Ikigo c’Ubudage gishinzwe ibidukikije (Umweltbundesamt) caradondoye neza iyo ngaruka mu 2023.
Ingaruka: igihe ikintu gikoreshwa cane hanyuma kikabuzwa, umwaka w’intango uba uri hejuru mu buryo budasanzwe. Iyo ikoreshwa ryaco rihagaze, igipimo kimanuka cane. Mu Buholandi akarorero kanini ni mancozeb: ikintu cakoreshejwe kuruta ibindi mu 2012, kitakemewe kuva mu 2021. Mancozeb yonyene isigura amanota arenga 44 mu manota 78 y’igabanuka.
Bishingiye ku ikoreshwa kuri buri giterwa, si ku idandazwa
FairGrow ikoresha ibiharuro vy’Ubuholandi vy’ikoreshwa kuri buri giterwa na kuri buri kintu gikora (CBS StatLine 85130NED, imyaka y’ubushakashatsi 2012, 2016, 2020 na 2024) n’uko ibintu vyemewe bivuye mu bubiko bw’amakuru bw’imiti yica udukoko bwa EU (EU Pesticides Database). Dukoresheje itegeko rimwe na Eurostat, dushika mu manota 2 gushika 4 y’umurongo w’ubutegetsi. Iryo tandukaniro rito riva ku kuba Eurostat ikoresha idandazwa ku mikoreshereze yose, CBS na yo ikoresha ikoreshwa mu burimyi.
Ukubuza nikuharurwa gusa guhera ku mwaka gutangura gukurikizwa, igipimo kimanuka gushika kuri 59 aho kuba 22. Ibintu bibujijwe uyu munsi bisigura hamwe igabanuka ryose ry’ubutegetsi. Ibintu bikemewe biremereye mu 2024 hafi nk’uko vyari biremereye mu 2012.
| Umwaka | Uburyo bwa EU ku ikoreshwa rya CBS | Eurostat HRI 1 | Ata kubuza gusubira inyuma | kg y’ikintu gikora |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 5,8 miliyoni |
| 2016 | 96,9 | 101 | 95,2 | 5,6 miliyoni |
| 2020 | 77,1 | 79,2 | 82,2 | 5,0 miliyoni |
| 2024 | 21,8 | 23,8 | 58,8 | 3,9 miliyoni |
Indice 2012 = 100. Eurostat yasubiwemwo ivuye kuri 2011-2013 = 100. 2024 ni iy’agateganyo. Isoko: Eurostat aei_hri, CBS StatLine 85130NED, EU Pesticides Database.
Ivyo HRI 1 itakubwira
HRI 1 iharura kilo, si ubumara. Kilo imwe ya sufure ingana na kilo imwe y’umuti wica udukoko ukomeye cane wo mu mugwi umwe. Ni co gituma imiti ikora ku ngano ntoyi ihava ntiharurwe, kandi ibintu bikenewe ku ngano nini, nk’amavuta ya parafine na sufure, bikiganza ishusho.
Igipimo kandi nta co kivuga ku buso bwamishijwe, igihe canke ikibanza c’ukwamisha. Ni co gituma FairGrow iharura kandi Pesticide Load (PLI) kuri buri kwamisha: irabira ingaruka za buri kintu ku bantu, ibikoko vyo mu gasozi n’ibidukikije.
Ivyo FairGrow ibikoresha
Kuri buri kintu gikora urabona ingano gikoreshwa mu Buholandi, ku biterwa ibihe n’umugwi wa HRI kirimwo. Ku muti urabona incuro abarimyi bakoresha ibintu vyawo ku giterwa cawe. Kuri buri giterwa imirongo ibiri ya HRI yerekanwa iruhande, hamwe n’ibintu bisigura igabanuka n’uburyo bwo gukora bukoreshwa cane.
Ku mirima yawe bwite FairGrow igereranya ukwamisha kwawe n’ikigereranyo c’abarimyi bose b’igiterwa kimwe. Ikintu nigitakaza uruhusha rwaco, FairGrow irabikumenyesha mw’ijoro rikurikira.
Isoko: Amabwirizwa (EU) 2019/782, Eurostat aei_hri, CBS StatLine 85130NED, Umweltbundesamt (2023).
HRI 1 ni iki?
Harmonised Risk Indicator 1 ivuye mu Mabwirizwa (EU) 2019/782: kilo z’ikintu gikora zagurishijwe muri buri gihugu kinyamuryango, zipimwa na 1, 8, 16 canke 64 kuri buri mugwi w’akaga, nk’indice aho 2011-2013 = 100.
Ni kubera iki igipimo kimanuka cane gutyo?
Kubera ko ibintu bibujijwe uyu munsi biremereye cane mu myaka yahise. Iyo ikoreshwa ryavyo rihagaze, igipimo kimanuka cane. Mu Buholandi mancozeb yonyene isigura amanota arenga 44 mu manota 78 y’igabanuka.
Ubwo nta kintu cahindutse?
Carahindutse. Ikoreshwa mu kilo ryagabanutse ku gice kimwe kuri bitatu hagati ya 2012 na 2024, kandi ibintu biremereye kuruta ibindi vyavuye ku isoko. Mugabo ibintu bikemewe biremereye hamwe hafi nk’uko vyari mu 2012.
Itandukanye gute na PLI?
HRI 1 iharura kilo kuri buri mugwi. Pesticide Load irabira ubumara bwa buri kintu ku bantu n’ibikoko vyo mu gasozi n’ingene kigenda mu bidukikije, kandi iharura kuri hegitari no kuri buri kwamisha.
Iharura rishasha ryizigirwa gute?
Ikoresheje itegeko rimwe na Eurostat, FairGrow ishika mu manota 2 gushika 4 y’umurongo w’ubutegetsi. Kuri buri giterwa CBS igumiza ibiharuro bimwe mu banga; imyaka aho munsi y’ibice 90 kw’ijana vy’ikilo bishobora guhabwa ikintu runaka iranzwe ko itizewe cane.
Raba ikoreshwa ku giterwa cawe
Rondera igiterwa cawe urabe ibintu abarimyi bo mu Buholandi bakoresha, ingene akaga gahinduka n’uburyo bwo gukora bukoreshwa cane.
Ugurura urutonde rwa EPPO